General National Id Italy_03 Site name Camazzole di Carmignano di Brenta (PD) Summary The case study site is located upstream of a captage area, where aqueducts abstract water for Venice, Vicenza and other towns: there is thus a demand for increased groundwater recharge and water purification. In addition, Bosco Limite provides a wide range of good and services, such as groundwater recharge, CO2 fixation, biodiversity safeguard, production of high quality wood and biomass for energetic purposes, and recreational-touristic services. The measure was implemented in an area previously used for intensive agriculture, and activities with high economic returns. Therefore, the main challenge of the project was to find alternative, competitive sources of income for landowners who made their land available for reforestation. The establishment of PES schemes for a variety of services (water provision, carbon sequestration, biodiversity and environmental education) was key for the success of the project. Light or indepth? Light NUTS Code Veneto RBD code ITA Transboundary 0 Data provider Gloria De Paoli, ACTeon Source(s) Bosco Limite Progetto "Il bosco Limite di Camazzole" Phone interview NWRM(s) implemented in the case study Targeted planting for 'catching' precipitation Longitude 11.685 Latitude 45.66 Site information Climate zone warm temperate moist Mean rainfall 1000 Mean rainfall unit mm/year Average temperature 13 Type Actual Test Site Average slope range 0-1% Monitoring maintenance Monitoring impacts effects 1 Monitoring parameters A monitoring plan for the biodiversity has been scheduled. Performance Performance impact estimation method Unknown Performance impact estimation information Information not available Design & implementations Application scale Field Scale Installation date 2012-12 Lifespan 30 Age 2 Performance timescale > 20 years Area (ha) 2,5 Area subject to Land use change or Management/Practice change (ha) 2,5 Size 2,5 Size unit ha Design capacity description Information not available Max water retention capacity 0,012 Max water retention capacity unit m3/sec Constraints Information not available Favourable preconditions Information not available Management change from Cropland (intensive maize cultivation) Management change to Autoctonous forest Inflow volume 0,012 Inflow volume unit m3/sec Design contractual arrangement Arrangement type Responsibility Role Comments Name the action is involved in the European founded LIFE+ project "Aquor" Design consultation activity Activity stage Key issues Name Comments Design land use change Land use change type Design authority Authority type Role Responsibility Name Comments ETIFOR, a Padua University spin-off FSC Italia Consulting company Department for Territory and agro-forestry systems , University of Padua University AQUOR project, Life Plus Farmers Veneto Agricoltura Other Provincia di Vicenza Province Administration Regional / sub-national water authority Consorzio di Bonifica Brenta Regional / sub-national water authority Autorití di bacino dei fiumi Isonzo, Tagliamento, Livenza, Piave, Brenta-Bacchiglione RBD Authority Lessons, risks, implications... Key lessons The site is located upstream of a captage area, where aqueducts abstract water for Venice, Vicenza and other towns: there is thus a demand for increased groundwater recharge and water purification. In addition, Bosco Limite provides a wide range of good and services, such as groundwater recharge, CO2 fixation, biodiversity safeguard, production of high quality wood and biomass for energetic purposes, and recreational-touristic services. The measure was implemented in an area previously used for intensive agriculture, and activities with high economic returns. Therefore, the main challenge of the project was to find alternative, competitive sources of income for landowners who made their land available for reforestation. The establishment of PES schemes for a variety of services (water provision, carbon sequestration, biodiversity and environmental education) was key for the success of the project. Financing mechanism information PES schemes have been established to ensure that participating to the project is financially attractive for landowners (who made their land available for reforestation), and in particular: - Water provision: ten-years contracts between landowners and the local Consorzio di bonifica; - Carbon storage: contract with enterprises, also linked to green marketing and social responsibility; - Green energy (wood products); - Biodiversity: no actual contracts have been established, but there are agreements with the hunting association and environmental associations. Furthermore, there is a contract with a municipality for environmental education activities. Financing difficulties 1 Financing difficulties information The measure was implemented in an area previously used for intensive agriculture, activities with high economic returns. Therefore, the main challenge of the project was to find alternative, competitive sources of income for landowners who made their land available for reforestation. The establishment of PES schemes for a variety of services (water provision, carbon sequestration, biodiversity and environmental education) was key for the success of the project. Success factor(s) Success factor type Success factor role Comments Financing possibilities Financing Financing type Comments EU-funds: LIFE+ 80% of implementation was financed by LIFE+ funds - PES schemes are in place to ensure that participating to the project is financially attractive for landowners (who made their land available for reforestation) Barrier Barrier type Barrier role Comments Other The main challenge of the project was to find alternative, competitive sources of income for landowners who made their land available for reforestation. Driver Driver type Driver role Comments Other The site is located upstream of a captage area, where aqueducts abstract water for Venice, Vicenza and other towns: there is thus a demand for increased groundwater recharge and water purification. Financing share Financing share type Share Comments European funds 0.8 View Policy, general governance and design targets Policy description The environmental problem that led to the implementation of project is represented by the fact that water reserves of Veneto High Plan's hydrogeological system are decreasing slowly but progressively. (approximately -3,8 cm/year, wich correspond in a diminuition of 1,30 m in 35 years) Quantified objectives Groundwater Recharge and Increased Water Storage: groundwater recharge is estimated in 0,012 m3/sec. Moreover, the land use change from maize to forest, without irrigation, saves 12000 m3 of water per year. Improved Biodiversity: the costitution of a lowland forest provides habitat for 55 indigenous plant species, of which 15 tree species. Moreover, the forest constitutes habitat for at least 20 bird species. Other Benefits: Carbon Storage. According to the Kyoto strategy the total reduction in carbon dioxide emissions will be in 30 years of 1500 tons of CO2, or 50 tons of CO2 per year. Touristic/cultural value: the constitution of a lowland forest, a rare ecotype in Italy, could be of ouristic interest. The attractiveness of the area is implemented with walking, bycicle and horse paths. Policy target Target purpose Groundwater Recharge Increase Water Storage Improved Biodiversity Oher Societal Benefits Policy pressure Pressure directive Relevant pressure Policy area Policy area type Policy area focus Name Comments Policy impact Impact directive Relevant impact Policy wider plan Wider plan type Wider plan focus Name Comments Policy requirement directive Requirement directive Specification Socio-economic Direct benefits 2850 Direct benefits information The expected benefits are of 4950 euros in the period 2012-2042, with a net gain of 2850 euros (compared to the previous maize cultivation there is a loss of 1749 euros/year). Ancillary benefits information It is estimated a positive impact from the costitution of the forest for the recreational and educational value of the forest, but there is no economic evaluation of the benefits. Costs investment 24000 Costs investment information The planting cost was of 24000 €, with a contribution of the 80% from LIFE+ funds. Costs operation maintenance 2100 Costs operation maintenance estimation of the costs for the period 2012-2042 Costs total information An estimation could be made by calculating the total NPV of investment costs + yearly maintenance costs up to 2042 - However, the choice of a correct discount rate could be debated Economic costs, income loss 1749 Information on Economic costs - income loss The area was previoulsly maize-cultivated, with a net gain of 4599 € in 2005-2010 period.Since the prevision for thenet gains from the forest is of 2850, the loss of incomes is 1749 €/ha/year. Ecosystem improved biodiversity 1 Information on Ecosystem improved biodiversity The constitution of a lowland forest provides habitat for 55 indigenous plant species, of which 15 tree species. Moreover, the forest constitutes habitat for at least 20 bird species. Ecosystem provisioning services 1 Information on Ecosystem provisioning services The forest will produce about 40 tons/year of firewood and in 30 years will provide high quality construction wood. Ecosystem impact climate regulation Impact on GHGs (net emissions and storage) including soil carbon Information on Ecosystem impact climate regulation Bosco Limite will stock an average quantity of 50 tons of CO2 per year, the equivalent emission of 7 Italian citizens Biophysical impacts Retained water 518,4 Retained water unit m3/day Information on retained water Information not available Information on increased water storage Information not available Information on runoff reduction Information not available Water quality overall improvements N/A info Economic costs income loss unit €/ha Ecosystem erosion control impact unit % reduction Soil quality overall soil improvements N/A info Full Context Pathway(aka Context) Default view Area(aka Level or Site) ALL