General National Id Hungary_01 Site name River Fekete-Körös, Town Gyula, Summary The fragments of floodplain forests (Fraxino - pannonicae -Ulmetum) along the River Körös were cut from the river by dykes during the river regulation works in the 19th century. The deteriorated groundwater conditions were worsened in a drought period during the 1980-1990’s that triggered action of the forestry service. Restoration of the river connection and the floodplain watercourse network provide surface water supply from the backwater of flood waves to the 2000 ha forest. The result of the habitat reconstruction work is a 38.8 km long water-flow and a water surface of 15.7 hectares, cc 400 hectares of the forest has a direct positive ecological impact. The water supply of the floodplain channel network has another source as well. A smaller volume comes from a fishery. In case of this second source the nutrient content of the fishery is assimilated in the forest as an additional service. Previously this load were let back into the river directly. Light or indepth? In-depth The in-depth description of the case study cs-hu-01-final_version.pdf NUTS Code Dél-Alföld RBD code HU1000 Transboundary 0 Data provider Gábor Ungvári, REKK Source(s) A FEKETE-KÖRÖS ERDEINEK VíZPÓTLÁSA ÉS 15 ÉVES ÖKOLÓGIAI EREDMÉNYEI NWRM(s) implemented in the case study Floodplain restoration and management Land use conversion Longitude 21.389736 Latitude 46.698664 Site information Climate zone warm temperate dry Mean rainfall 550 Mean rainfall unit mm/year Mean runoff 34,5999984741211 Mean runoff unit 600 - 750 mm Type Actual Test Site Average slope range 0-1% Vegetation class Broad-leaved forest Monitoring maintenance Monitoring impacts effects 0 Monitoring location Unknown Performance Performance impact estimation method Unknown Design & implementations Application scale Field Scale Installation date 1999 Lifespan 100 Age 19 Performance timescale Immediate Area (ha) 400 Area subject to Land use change or Management/Practice change (ha) 40 Size 38,7999992370605 Size unit km Design capacity description Maximum quantity of water derived from the river depends on the water level. During a year there is cc 180 days for water supply. During this period cc 2 million m3 water arrives into the area Constraints The high cost of a previous attempt to pump water for the area proved prohibitively expensive and made it clear that only gravitational supply can provide sustainable solution. Favourable preconditions This is a state owned forest, that consists of one forest body. Also it is inside a temporary flood storage reservoir in a band of the River Fekete-Körös. The isolation of the area and lack of the risk of flooding further areas made it an easy case from the water directorate's point of view The landscape relief that has the former river branches in the territory Design contractual arrangement Arrangement type Responsibility Role Comments Name Other The use of the funds were approved by the owner, but it was the element of the normal protocol. No specific contractual arrangement Other During the first period of the operation there were several attempts to create a standalone water governance protocol for the regional water directorate to use, but an adaptive method that is based on the event by event communication between the forestry and the water authority became working the solution. No detailed protocol about the operation of the water supply Design consultation activity Activity stage Key issues Name Comments Design phase There were consultation with the private land owners of the area There were no details provided Design land use change Land use change type Design authority Authority type Role Responsibility Name Comments Forest owners Initiation of the measure DALERD Rt (South-Alfí¶ld Forestry Ltd. The organisation has a key role in initiating, design and application as well Regional / sub-national water authority Determination of design details of the measure Kí¶rí¶svidéki Vízí¼gy Igazgatóság Details that belong to the design of the dyke crossing of the water supply channels. It also has role in the operation of the locks. Other Determination of design details of the measure íllami Erdészeti Szolgálat Kecskeméti Igazgatóság Regional Forestry Directorate, it approves the forestry management plans in its district Other Financing íllami Privatizációs és Vagyonkezelési Ügyní¶kség - íPV Rt. Formally owner of state forestries Lessons, risks, implications... Key lessons Surface water supply is an effective way of recharging groundwater storage capacity of forest soil in order to reduce droughts risk by enhancing the natural inter-seasonal allocation of water. The key difference of this application compared to an area with generally the same problems is the possibility to sort out the transaction costs that emerge from in an area with multi-party ownership. If the suitable complex knowledge happens to be at the right place, no further incentive is needed to take advantage of an upcoming possibility. †“ It highlights the fundamental need of education about the complex nature of the water-land use-ecosystem nexus. Success factor(s) Success factor type Success factor role Comments Attitude of relevant stakeholders main factor Financing Financing type Comments National funds Reorganization subsidy from the owner the (the state owned) National Privatization and Asset Management Ltd. (Regional Forestry Organizations were formed into state owned joint stock companies. Transfer from the (that time existed) national Forest Regeneration Fund Barrier Barrier type Barrier role Comments Existing institutional framework main barrier Implementation required the reconciliation of forestry and water management interests. The main issues were: - Should the forestry pay for the water (resource)? It was resolved as ecological water supply - No water inlet at the front side of the flood waves because of flood safety reasons. - The forestry resign to demand compensation for damages what the water that remains out in its territory can cause. Driver Driver type Driver role Comments Organisation committed to it main driver Financing share Financing share type Share Comments Policy, general governance and design targets Policy description River regulation works of the 19th and 20th century resulted in degraded living conditions for the river valley forests (declining groundwater levels, lack of inundations). A 12 year long dry period in the 1980-1990 pushed the remaining forests into critical status. The insufficient available water quantity had to increase. Part of wider plan 0 Policy target Target purpose Groundwater Recharge Increase Water Storage Policy pressure Pressure directive Relevant pressure Policy area Policy area type Policy area focus Name Comments Policy impact Impact directive Relevant impact Policy wider plan Wider plan type Wider plan focus Name Comments Policy requirement directive Requirement directive Specification Socio-economic Direct benefits information Biomass production Wildlife management, the area provides higher animal carrying capacity Assimilation of nutrient load of incoming water Ancillary benefits information Amenities: This area is the Forest School of the nearby Gyula town, education and recreation facilities for school programs with regional importance. Total education activity 3-4 thousand education day per year (counted like workload in the person month). 3-6 visitor nights. Costs investment 810000 Costs investment information Planner's estimation of the development cost in 2014 prices of the same work volume, 200-300 million HUF (650.000 - 970.000€) Costs operation maintenance No significant operation or maintenance cost were identified Costs total 810000 Costs total information Planner's estimation of the development cost in 2014 prices of the same work volume, 200-300 million HUF (650.000 - 970.000€) Ecosystem improved biodiversity 1 Ecosystem provisioning services 1 Ecosystem impact climate regulation No information available Biophysical impacts Retained water 2000000 Retained water unit m3/year Information on increased water storage Previously it was zero Information on runoff reduction No outflow from the area Water quality overall improvements Positive impact-WQ improvement Information on Water quality overall improvements The forest assimilate the nutrient overloaded water from the near-by fishery Soil quality overall soil improvements N/A info Information on Soil quality overall soil improvements N/A info Full Context Pathway(aka Context) Default view Area(aka Level or Site) ALL